At every critical point in Jewish history, there has been an opponent dedicated to their destruction. After the Greek Empire of Alexander the Great had been divided up into 4 pieces (which had been prophesied in the Bible), Judea came under the power of the Seleucid Empire of Syria. A particularly sinister ruler (also prophesied in the Bible), Antiochus IV Epiphanes, invaded Jerusalem, massacring many Jews. He made it his objective to obliterate everything related to Jewish worship of their God. "A man could not keep the sabbath or celebrate the traditional feasts, nor even admit that he was a Jew." (2nd Maccabees 6)
In mosques all around the world, Jews are regularly vilified. It is a part of explicitly stated Islamic "theology" that the Jews must ultimately be eradicated. Like all prior attempts to do that, this one will not succeed, because the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob will most decidedly not allow it. And we also know, based on commentary from God Himself in the Bible, that He has made His defense of the Jewish nation a showpiece, to demonstrate to the entire world once again who He is.
Wow - "that all the earth may know"! Clearly young David had a remarkably greater understanding of the larger theme behind what was happening. And it is with that kind of understanding we must examine Israel's primary foe today.
Looking with the larger perspective, we know that during the days of David, and Esther, and the Maccabees, and Ben Gurion, and other crisis situations, it was ultimately the Lord of Hosts who accomplished the victory to save Israel. Not surprisingly, the Scriptures do describe in detail today's predicament of the regathered nation of Israel being threatened by their vicious neighbors, and the Lord's ultimate great victory on their behalf.
So as we celebrate Hanukkah, remember the great miracle which happened was not primarily the oil lasting for eight days, but the nation of Israel lasting through the threat of annihilation. Today they face a foe no less sinister and powerful than Antiochus IV, but the God of Jacob will prevail.